The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), also referred to as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), is a United States federal statute enacted on 15 November 2021 that authorizes approximately $1.2 trillion in spending over fiscal years 2022-2026, including roughly $550 billion in new federal funding above baseline levels for transportation, water, broadband, energy, and other infrastructure programs. The law passed the Senate 69-30 and the House of Representatives 228-206, with support from both major parties, though the framing of the bill as “bipartisan” is itself sometimes contested; see infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act-bipartisanship-viewpoint. The IIJA is distinct from, though originally linked in legislative strategy to, the separate reconciliation bill that became the Inflation Reduction Act; see infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act-inflation-reduction-act-debate.
Implementation of the IIJA is administered primarily through the Department of Transportation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, and the Department of Commerce (notably the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment program). As of the mid-2020s, federal agencies have reported that a large majority of formula funds have been allocated to states, while competitive grant programs and broadband buildout have proceeded on a longer timeline, with some projects facing delays attributed to permitting, labor and materials costs, and state-level administrative capacity. Assessments of the law's economic effects, job creation figures, and pace of project completion vary by source and methodology; see infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act-economic-impact-debate. Disputes also exist over whether spending has been distributed according to the law's stated formulas and priorities or has been influenced by political considerations; see infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act-fund-allocation-controversy.
For legislative history, including the bill's origins in earlier infrastructure proposals and its passage through Congress, see infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act-history.